并发编程与高并发解决方案学习(J.U.C之AQS-CountDownLatch、Semaphore)_c高并发解决方案-程序员宅基地

技术标签: Java并发编程  并发编程  



※使用Node实现FIFO队列,可以用于构建锁或者其他同步装置的基础框架
※利用int类型表示状态 state=0表示还没有线程获取锁 state=1表示有现成获取锁,大于1表示可重入锁数量
※使用方法是继承 AQS使用模板方法模式,继承模板方法,复写其中的方法
※子类通过继承并通过实现它的方法管理其状态{acquire和release}的方法操作状态
※可以同时实现排它锁和共享锁模式( 独占、共享)

AQS同步组件( CountDownLatch、Semaphore、CyclicBarrier、ReentrantLock、Condition、FutureTask

CountDownLatch(作用类似于join()) 同步辅助类,可以实现阻塞的作用,同一时间只能有一个线程操作该计数器,调用该类的await类会一直处于阻塞状态,直到其他线程调用countDown方法,使当前计数器的值为0(计数器不可以重置)
使用场景:程序执行需要等待某个条件完成之后才能继续执行后续的操作,典型应用例如:并行计算( 当某个处理的运算量很大的时候,可以将该运算任务拆分为多个子任务,等待所有子任务都执行完之后,父任务再拿到所有子任务运行结果进行汇总)。
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

@Slf4j
public class CountDownLatchExample1 {
    private final static int threadCount = 20;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(threadCount);
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            final int threadNum = i;
            exec.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    test(threadNum);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.error("exception", e);
                } finally {
                    countDownLatch.countDown();
                }
            });
        }
        countDownLatch.await();
        log.info("finish");
        exec.shutdown();
    }

    private static  void test(int threadNum) throws Exception {
        Thread.sleep(100);
        log.info("{}", threadNum);
        Thread.sleep(100);
    }
}

输出结果

15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 0
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-8] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 7
15:54:06.905 [pool-1-thread-19] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 18
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-6] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 5
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-7] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 6
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-4] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 3
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-5] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 4
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 2
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 1
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-9] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 8
15:54:06.905 [pool-1-thread-18] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 17
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-10] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 9
15:54:06.905 [pool-1-thread-17] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 16
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-11] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 10
15:54:06.905 [pool-1-thread-20] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 19
15:54:06.905 [pool-1-thread-16] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 15
15:54:06.905 [pool-1-thread-13] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 12
15:54:06.904 [pool-1-thread-12] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 11
15:54:06.905 [pool-1-thread-15] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 14
15:54:06.905 [pool-1-thread-14] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - 13
15:54:07.009 [main] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample1 - finish

案例2(起了很多线程去完成任务,但是这个任务指向给指定的时间,操作这个时间没做完,也不管了

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Slf4j
public class CountDownLatchExample2 {
    private final static int threadCount = 200;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(threadCount);
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            final int threadNum = i;
            exec.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    test(threadNum);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.error("exception", e);
                } finally {
                    countDownLatch.countDown();
                }
            });
        }
        countDownLatch.await(10, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        log.info("finish");
        exec.shutdown();
    }

    private static void test(int threadNum) throws Exception {
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        log.info("{}", threadNum);
    }
}
输出结果
15:57:13.433 [main] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - finish
15:57:14.423 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 0
15:57:14.435 [pool-1-thread-4] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 3
15:57:14.436 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 2
15:57:14.436 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 1
15:57:14.438 [pool-1-thread-5] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 4
15:57:14.441 [pool-1-thread-8] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 7
15:57:14.442 [pool-1-thread-7] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 6
15:57:14.442 [pool-1-thread-6] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 5
15:57:14.442 [pool-1-thread-11] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 10
15:57:14.443 [pool-1-thread-10] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 9
15:57:14.443 [pool-1-thread-9] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 8
15:57:14.443 [pool-1-thread-13] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 12
15:57:14.443 [pool-1-thread-12] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 11
15:57:14.443 [pool-1-thread-15] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 14
15:57:14.444 [pool-1-thread-14] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 13
15:57:14.444 [pool-1-thread-20] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 19
15:57:14.444 [pool-1-thread-19] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 18
15:57:14.447 [pool-1-thread-18] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 17
15:57:14.447 [pool-1-thread-16] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 15
15:57:14.447 [pool-1-thread-17] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.CountDownLatchExample2 - 16
调用shutdown并不是第一时间将线程都全部销毁掉,而是让当前已有的线程全部执行完,之后再把这个线程池销毁掉。
Semaphore 信号量(控制并发访问的线程个数,类似于有限的链表,常用语仅能提供有限个访问的资源,比如 控制数据库连接数)
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

@Slf4j
public class SemaphoreExample1 {
    private final static int threadCount = 20;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(3);
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            final int threadNum = i;
            exec.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    semaphore.acquire(); // 每次获取一个许可
                    test(threadNum);
                    semaphore.release(); // 每次释放一个许可
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.error("exception", e);
                }
            });
        }
        exec.shutdown();
    }

    private static void test(int threadNum) throws Exception {
        log.info("{}", threadNum);
        Thread.sleep(1000);
    }
}

输出结果(一次3条输出)

15:59:19.291 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 1
15:59:19.291 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 0
15:59:19.291 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 2
15:59:20.309 [pool-1-thread-4] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 3
15:59:20.310 [pool-1-thread-5] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 4
15:59:20.310 [pool-1-thread-6] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 5
15:59:21.310 [pool-1-thread-7] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 6
15:59:21.310 [pool-1-thread-8] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 7
15:59:21.311 [pool-1-thread-9] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 8
15:59:22.310 [pool-1-thread-10] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 9
15:59:22.310 [pool-1-thread-11] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 10
15:59:22.311 [pool-1-thread-12] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 11
15:59:23.311 [pool-1-thread-13] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 12
15:59:23.311 [pool-1-thread-14] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 13
15:59:23.312 [pool-1-thread-15] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 14
15:59:24.311 [pool-1-thread-16] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 15
15:59:24.311 [pool-1-thread-17] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 16
15:59:24.312 [pool-1-thread-18] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 17
15:59:25.312 [pool-1-thread-20] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 19
15:59:25.312 [pool-1-thread-19] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample1 - 18

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

@Slf4j
public class SemaphoreExample2 {
    private final static int threadCount = 20;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(3);
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            final int threadNum = i;
            exec.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    semaphore.acquire(3); // 每次获取多个许可
                    test(threadNum);
                    semaphore.release(3); // 每次释放多个许可
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.error("exception", e);
                }
            });
        }
        exec.shutdown();
    }

    private static void test(int threadNum) throws Exception {
        log.info("{}", threadNum);
        Thread.sleep(1000);
    }
}

输出结果(一次一条输出)

16:00:37.474 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 0
16:00:38.480 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 1
16:00:39.480 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 2
16:00:40.481 [pool-1-thread-4] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 3
16:00:41.482 [pool-1-thread-5] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 4
16:00:42.482 [pool-1-thread-6] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 5
16:00:43.483 [pool-1-thread-7] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 6
16:00:44.483 [pool-1-thread-8] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 7
16:00:45.484 [pool-1-thread-9] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 8
16:00:46.484 [pool-1-thread-10] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 9
16:00:47.484 [pool-1-thread-11] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 10
16:00:48.485 [pool-1-thread-12] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 11
16:00:49.485 [pool-1-thread-13] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 12
16:00:50.485 [pool-1-thread-14] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 13
16:00:51.486 [pool-1-thread-15] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 14
16:00:52.486 [pool-1-thread-17] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 16
16:00:53.486 [pool-1-thread-16] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 15
16:00:54.486 [pool-1-thread-18] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 17
16:00:55.487 [pool-1-thread-19] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 18
16:00:56.488 [pool-1-thread-20] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample2 - 19

案例(假如当前并发数是3,超过3个就丢弃)

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Slf4j
public class SemaphoreExample3 {
    private final static int threadCount = 20;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(3);
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            final int threadNum = i;
            exec.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    if (semaphore.tryAcquire()) { // 尝试获取一个许可
                        test(threadNum);
                        semaphore.release(); // 释放一个许可
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.error("exception", e);
                }
            });
        }
        exec.shutdown();
    }

    private static void test(int threadNum) throws Exception {
        log.info("{}", threadNum);
        Thread.sleep(1000);
    }
}

输出结果

16:01:45.406 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample3 - 1
16:01:45.405 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample3 - 0
16:01:45.413 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample3 - 2
尝试获得许可,只让执行5秒
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Slf4j
public class SemaphoreExample4 {
    private final static int threadCount = 20;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(3);
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            final int threadNum = i;
            exec.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    if (semaphore.tryAcquire(5000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) { // 尝试获取一个许可
                        test(threadNum);
                        semaphore.release(); // 释放一个许可
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.error("exception", e);
                }
            });
        }
        exec.shutdown();
    }

    private static void test(int threadNum) throws Exception {
        log.info("{}", threadNum);
        Thread.sleep(1000);
    }
}

输出结果(一次三条输出)

16:02:31.454 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 2
16:02:31.454 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 0
16:02:31.454 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 1
16:02:32.463 [pool-1-thread-4] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 3
16:02:32.464 [pool-1-thread-5] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 4
16:02:32.464 [pool-1-thread-6] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 5
16:02:33.464 [pool-1-thread-8] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 7
16:02:33.464 [pool-1-thread-7] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 6
16:02:33.465 [pool-1-thread-9] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 8
16:02:34.465 [pool-1-thread-10] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 9
16:02:34.465 [pool-1-thread-11] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 10
16:02:34.466 [pool-1-thread-12] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 11
16:02:35.465 [pool-1-thread-13] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 12
16:02:35.466 [pool-1-thread-14] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 13
16:02:35.466 [pool-1-thread-15] INFO com.mmall.concurrency.example.aqs.SemaphoreExample4 - 14


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本文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/Andy2019/article/details/79784000

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文章浏览阅读3.8k次,点赞3次,收藏51次。前段时间看到一位发烧友制作的超声波雷达扫描神器,用到了Arduino和Processing,可惜啊,我不会Processing更看不懂人家的程序,咋办呢?嘿嘿,所以我就换了个思路解决,因为我会一点Python啊,那就动手吧!在做这个案例之前先要搞明白一个问题:怎么将Arduino通过超声波检测到的距离反馈到Python端?这个嘛,我首先想到了串行通信接口。没错!就是串口。只要Arduino将数据发送给COM口,然后Python能从COM口读取到这个数据就可以啦!我先写了一个测试程序试了一下,OK!搞定_超声波扫描建模 python库

凯撒加密方法介绍及实例说明-程序员宅基地

文章浏览阅读4.2k次。端—端加密指信息由发送端自动加密,并且由TCP/IP进行数据包封装,然后作为不可阅读和不可识别的数据穿过互联网,当这些信息到达目的地,将被自动重组、解密,而成为可读的数据。不可逆加密算法的特征是加密过程中不需要使用密钥,输入明文后由系统直接经过加密算法处理成密文,这种加密后的数据是无法被解密的,只有重新输入明文,并再次经过同样不可逆的加密算法处理,得到相同的加密密文并被系统重新识别后,才能真正解密。2.使用时,加密者查找明文字母表中需要加密的消息中的每一个字母所在位置,并且写下密文字母表中对应的字母。_凯撒加密

工控协议--cip--协议解析基本记录_cip协议embedded_service_error-程序员宅基地

文章浏览阅读5.7k次。CIP报文解析常用到的几个字段:普通类型服务类型:[0x00], CIP对象:[0x02 Message Router], ioi segments:[XX]PCCC(带cmd和func)服务类型:[0x00], CIP对象:[0x02 Message Router], cmd:[0x101], fnc:[0x101]..._cip协议embedded_service_error

如何在vs2019及以后版本(如vs2022)上添加 添加ActiveX控件中的MFC类_vs添加mfc库-程序员宅基地

文章浏览阅读2.4k次,点赞9次,收藏13次。有时候我们在MFC项目开发过程中,需要用到一些微软已经提供的功能,如VC++使用EXCEL功能,这时候我们就能直接通过VS2019到如EXCEL.EXE方式,生成对应的OLE头文件,然后直接使用功能,那么,我们上篇文章中介绍了vs2017及以前的版本如何来添加。但由于微软某些方面考虑,这种方式已被放弃。从上图中可以看出,这一功能,在从vs2017版本15.9开始,后续版本已经删除了此功能。那么我们如果仍需要此功能,我们如何在新版本中添加呢。_vs添加mfc库

frame_size (1536) was not respected for a non-last frame_frame_size (1024) was not respected for a non-last-程序员宅基地

文章浏览阅读785次。用ac3编码,执行编码函数时报错入如下:[ac3 @ 0x7fed7800f200] frame_size (1536) was not respected for anon-last frame (avcodec_encode_audio2)用ac3编码时每次送入编码器的音频采样数应该是1536个采样,不然就会报上述错误。这个数字并非刻意固定,而是跟ac3内部的编码算法原理相关。全网找不到,国内音视频之路还有很长的路,音视频人一起加油吧~......_frame_size (1024) was not respected for a non-last frame

Android移动应用开发入门_在安卓移动应用开发中要在活动类文件中声迷你一个复选框变量-程序员宅基地

文章浏览阅读230次,点赞2次,收藏2次。创建Android应用程序一个项目里面可以有很多模块,而每一个模块就对应了一个应用程序。项目结构介绍_在安卓移动应用开发中要在活动类文件中声迷你一个复选框变量

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