Java 之SpringBoot+Vue实现后台管理系统的开发_springboot+vue后台管理系统-程序员宅基地

从零开始搭建一个项目骨架，最好选择合适熟悉的技术，并且在未来易拓展，适合微服务化体系等。所以一般以Springboot作为我们的框架基础，这是离不开的了。

然后数据层，我们常用的是Mybatis，易上手，方便维护。但是单表操作比较困难，特别是添加字段或减少字段的时候，比较繁琐，所以这里我推荐使用Mybatis Plus( mp.baomidou.com/ )，为简化开发而生，只需简单配置，即可快速进行CRUD操作，从而节省大量时间。

SpringSecurity，使用security作为我们的权限控制和会话控制的框架。

• SpringBoot
• mybatis plus
• spring security
• lombok
• redis
• hibernate validatior
• jwt

二、新建SpringBoot 项目，注意版本

1、新建SpringBoot工程

这里，我们使用IDEA来开发我们项目

开发工具与环境:

idea

mysql

jdk 8

maven3.3.9

新建SpringBoot

删除部分内容

2、整合MyBatis plus，生成代码

(1)引入依赖

<!--整合mybatis plus https://baomidou.com/-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mp代码生成器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-generator</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
            <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.30</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>复制代码

(2)设置配置文件

server:
  port: 8081
# DataSource Config
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zhengadminvue?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
    username: root
    password: root
mybatis-plus:
  mapper-locations: classpath*:/mapper/**Mapper.xml复制代码

新建一个包：通过@mapperScan注解指定要变成实现类的接口所在的包，然后包下面的所有接口在编译之后都会生成相应的实现类。

@Configuration
@ManagedBean("cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.mapper")
public class MybatisPlusConfig {
     

@Bean public MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor(){ MybatisPlusInterceptor interceptor = new MybatisPlusInterceptor(); //分页插件 interceptor.addInnerInterceptor(new PaginationInnerInterceptor()); //防止全表更新插件 interceptor.addInnerInterceptor(new BlockAttackInnerInterceptor()); return interceptor; } @Bean public ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizer() { return configuration -> configuration.setUseDeprecatedExecutor(false); }

}
复制代码

创建对应的mapper文件

(3)创建数据库和表

SQL语句

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_menu`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_menu` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `parent_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '父菜单ID，一级菜单为0',
  `name` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
  `path` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '菜单URL',
  `perms` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '授权(多个用逗号分隔，如：user:list,user:create)',
  `component` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `type` int(5) NOT NULL COMMENT '类型     0：目录   1：菜单   2：按钮',
  `icon` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '菜单图标',
  `orderNum` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '排序',
  `created` datetime NOT NULL,
  `updated` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `statu` int(5) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=21 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
  `code` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
  `remark` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',
  `created` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `updated` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `statu` int(5) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`) USING BTREE,
  UNIQUE KEY `code` (`code`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_role_menu
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role_menu`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role_menu` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `role_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `menu_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=102 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `username` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
  `password` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
  `avatar` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `email` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
  `city` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
  `created` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `updated` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `last_login` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `statu` int(5) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `UK_USERNAME` (`username`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for sys_user_role
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user_role` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `role_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=15 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;复制代码

(4)代码生成

package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.exceptions.MybatisPlusException;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.StringPool;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.StringUtils;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.AutoGenerator;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.InjectionConfig;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.config.*;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.config.po.TableInfo;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.config.rules.NamingStrategy;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.engine.FreemarkerTemplateEngine;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

// 演示例子，执行 main 方法控制台输入模块表名回车自动生成对应项目目录中
public class CodeGenerator {

/**
 * <p>
 * 读取控制台内容
 * </p>
 */
public static String scanner(String tip) {

    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    StringBuilder help = new StringBuilder();
    help.append("请输入" + tip + "：");
    System.out.println(help.toString());
    if (scanner.hasNext()) {

        String ipt = scanner.next();
        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(ipt)) {

            return ipt;
        }
    }
    throw new MybatisPlusException("请输入正确的" + tip + "！");
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

    // 代码生成器
    AutoGenerator mpg = new AutoGenerator();

    // 全局配置
    GlobalConfig gc = new GlobalConfig();
    String projectPath = System.getProperty("user.dir");
    gc.setOutputDir(projectPath + "/src/main/java");
    gc.setAuthor("itbluebox");
    gc.setOpen(false);
    // gc.setSwagger2(true); 实体属性 Swagger2 注解
    gc.setServiceName("%sService");
    mpg.setGlobalConfig(gc);

    // 数据源配置
    DataSourceConfig dsc = new DataSourceConfig();
    dsc.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/itzheng-vue-admin?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai");
    // dsc.setSchemaName("public");
    dsc.setDriverName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
    dsc.setUsername("root");
    dsc.setPassword("root");
    mpg.setDataSource(dsc);

    // 包配置
    PackageConfig pc = new PackageConfig();

// pc.setModuleName(scanner("模块名"));
pc.setParent("cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue");
mpg.setPackageInfo(pc);

// 自定义配置
    InjectionConfig cfg = new InjectionConfig() {

        @Override
        public void initMap() {

            // to do nothing
        }
    };

    // 如果模板引擎是 freemarker
    String templatePath = "/templates/mapper.xml.ftl";
    // 如果模板引擎是 velocity

// String templatePath = "/templates/mapper.xml.vm";

// 自定义输出配置
    List<FileOutConfig> focList = new ArrayList<>();
    // 自定义配置会被优先输出
    focList.add(new FileOutConfig(templatePath) {

        @Override
        public String outputFile(TableInfo tableInfo) {

            // 自定义输出文件名 ， 如果你 Entity 设置了前后缀、此处注意 xml 的名称会跟着发生变化！！
            return projectPath + "/src/main/resources/mapper/" + pc.getModuleName()
                    + "/" + tableInfo.getEntityName() + "Mapper" + StringPool.DOT_XML;
        }
    });
    /*
    cfg.setFileCreate(new IFileCreate() {
        @Override
        public boolean isCreate(ConfigBuilder configBuilder, FileType fileType, String filePath) {
            // 判断自定义文件夹是否需要创建
            checkDir("调用默认方法创建的目录，自定义目录用");
            if (fileType == FileType.MAPPER) {
                // 已经生成 mapper 文件判断存在，不想重新生成返回 false
                return !new File(filePath).exists();
            }
            // 允许生成模板文件
            return true;
        }
    });
    */
    cfg.setFileOutConfigList(focList);
    mpg.setCfg(cfg);

    // 配置模板
    TemplateConfig templateConfig = new TemplateConfig();

    // 配置自定义输出模板
    //指定自定义模板路径，注意不要带上.ftl/.vm, 会根据使用的模板引擎自动识别
    // templateConfig.setEntity("templates/entity2.java");
    // templateConfig.setService();
    // templateConfig.setController();

    templateConfig.setXml(null);
    mpg.setTemplate(templateConfig);

    // 策略配置
    StrategyConfig strategy = new StrategyConfig();
    strategy.setNaming(NamingStrategy.underline_to_camel);
    strategy.setColumnNaming(NamingStrategy.underline_to_camel);
    strategy.setSuperEntityClass("BaseEntity");
    strategy.setEntityLombokModel(true);
    strategy.setRestControllerStyle(true);
    // 公共父类
    strategy.setSuperControllerClass("BaseController");
    // 写于父类中的公共字段
    strategy.setSuperEntityColumns("id", "created", "updated", "statu");
    strategy.setInclude(scanner("表名，多个英文逗号分割").split(","));
    strategy.setControllerMappingHyphenStyle(true);

// strategy.setTablePrefix("sys_");//动态调整
mpg.setStrategy(strategy);
mpg.setTemplateEngine(new FreemarkerTemplateEngine());
mpg.execute();
}
}
复制代码

1、获取对应项目所有的表和字段的信息

2、新建一个freemarker的页面模板

3、提供相关需要进行渲染的动态数据

# 获取表
SELECT
    *
FROM
    information_schema. TABLES
WHERE
    TABLE_SCHEMA = (SELECT DATABASE());复制代码

# 获取字段
SELECT
    *
FROM
    information_schema. COLUMNS
WHERE
    TABLE_SCHEMA = (SELECT DATABASE())
AND TABLE_NAME = "sys_user";复制代码

sys_user_role,sys_user,sys_role_menu,sys_role,sys_menu复制代码

自动生成代码

我们发现实体类和controller报错缺少对应的Bese

创建BaseEntity

package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.entity;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

@Data
public class BaseEntity implements Serializable {

@TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.AUTO)
private Long id;
private LocalDateTime created;
private LocalDateTime updated;
private Integer statu;

}
复制代码

注意每一个Controller的引入

(5)编写测试方法

/**
 * <p>
 *  前端控制器
 * </p>
 *
 * @author itbluebox
 * @since 2022-05-26
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/sys-user")
public class SysUserController extends BaseController {
     

@Autowired private SysUserService sysUserService; @GetMapping("list") public List<SysUser> getUserList(){ List<SysUser> list = sysUserService.list(new QueryWrapper<>(null)); return list; }

}
复制代码

在启动类上设置对应的mapper扫描

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.mapper")
public class SpringbootAdminvueApplication {
     

public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootAdminvueApplication.class, args); }

}
复制代码

启动项目

访问接口

http://localhost:8081/sys-user/list

访问成功

在数据库当中添加一些数据

刷新页面

三、结果封装

因为是前后端分离的项目，所以我们有必要统一一个结果返回封装类，这样前后端交互的时候有个统一的标准，约定结果返回的数据是正常的或者遇到异常了。

这里我们用到了一个Result的类，这个用于我们的异步统一返回的结果封装。一般来说，结果里面有几个要素必要的

• 是否成功，可用code表示(如200表示成功，400表示异常)
• 结果消息
• 结果数据

package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.common.lang;

import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
public class Result implements Serializable {

private int code;
private String msg;
private Object data;

public static Result success(Object data){

    return success(200,"操作成功",data);
}

public static Result success(int code,String msg,Object data){

    Result r = new Result();
    r.setData(data);
    r.setMsg(msg);
    r.setCode(code);
    return r;
}
public static Result fail(String msg){

    return fail(400,msg, null);
}

public static Result fail(int code,String msg,Object data){

    Result r = new Result();
    r.setData(data);
    r.setMsg(msg);
    r.setCode(code);
    return r;
}

}
复制代码

修改SysUserController

/**
 * <p>
 *  前端控制器
 * </p>
 * @author itbluebox
 * @since 2022-05-26
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/sys-user")
public class SysUserController extends BaseController {
     

@Autowired private SysUserService sysUserService; @GetMapping("list") public Result getUserList(){ List<SysUser> list = sysUserService.list(new QueryWrapper<>(null)); return Result.success(list); }

}
复制代码

http://localhost:8081/sys-user/list

四、全局异常处理

有时候不可避免服务器报错的情况，如果不配置异常处理机制，就会默认返回tomcat或者nginx的5XX页面，对普通用户来说，不太友好，用户也不懂什么情况。这时候需要我们程序员设计返回一个友好简单的格式给前端。

处理办法如下:通过使用@ControllerAdvice来进行统一异常处理，

@ExceptionHandler(value = RuntimeException.class)复制代码

来指定捕获的Exception各个类型异常，这个异常的处理，是全局的，所有类似的异常，都会跑到这个地方处理。

步骤二、定义全局异常处理，

@ControllerAdvice复制代码

表示定义全局控制器异常处理，

@ExceptionHandler复制代码

表示针对性异常处理，可对每种异常针对性处理。

/**
 * 全局异常处理
 */
@Slf4j
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
     

@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN) @ExceptionHandler(value = AccessDeniedException.class) public Result handler(AccessDeniedException e) { log.info("security权限不足：----------------{}", e.getMessage()); return Result.fail("权限不足"); } @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST) @ExceptionHandler(value = MethodArgumentNotValidException.class) public Result handler(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) { log.info("实体校验异常：----------------{}", e.getMessage()); BindingResult bindingResult = e.getBindingResult(); ObjectError objectError = bindingResult.getAllErrors().stream().findFirst().get(); return Result.fail(objectError.getDefaultMessage()); } @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST) @ExceptionHandler(value = IllegalArgumentException.class) public Result handler(IllegalArgumentException e) { log.error("Assert异常：----------------{}", e.getMessage()); return Result.fail(e.getMessage()); } @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST) @ExceptionHandler(value = RuntimeException.class) public Result handler(RuntimeException e) { log.error("运行时异常：----------------{}", e); return Result.fail(e.getMessage()); }

}
复制代码

五、整合Spring Security

1、Spring Security介绍

Spring Security是一个能够为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制解决方案的安全框架。

它提供了一组可以在Spring应用上下文中配置的Bean，

充分利用了Spring IoC，DI(控制反转Inversion of Control ,DI:Dependency Injection 依赖注入)和AOP(面向切面编程)功能，

为应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制功能，减少了为企业系统安全控制编写大量重复代码的工作。

流程说明：

客户端发起一个请求，进入 Security 过滤器链。

当到 LogoutFilter 的时候判断是否是登出路径，如果是登出路径则到 logoutHandler ，如果登出成功则到 logoutSuccessHandler 登出成功处理。如果不是登出路径则直接进入下一个过滤器。

当到 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter 的时候判断是否为登录路径，如果是，则进入该过滤器进行登录操作，如果登录失败则到 AuthenticationFailureHandler ，登录失败处理器处理，如果登录成功则到 AuthenticationSuccessHandler 登录成功处理器处理，如果不是登录请求则不进入该过滤器。

进入认证BasicAuthenticationFilter进行用户认证，成功的话会把认证了的结果写入到SecurityContextHolder中SecurityContext的属性authentication上面。

如果认证失败就会交给AuthenticationEntryPoint认证失败处理类，或者抛出异常被后续ExceptionTranslationFilter过滤器处理异常，如果是AuthenticationException就交给AuthenticationEntryPoint处理，如果是AccessDeniedException异常则交给AccessDeniedHandler处理。

当到 FilterSecurityInterceptor 的时候会拿到 uri ，根据 uri 去找对应的鉴权管理器，鉴权管理器做鉴权工作，鉴权成功则到 Controller 层，否则到 AccessDeniedHandler 鉴权失败处理器处理。

2、引入Security与jwt

首先我们导入security包，因为我们前后端交互用户凭证用的是JWT，所以我们也导入jwt的相关包，然后因为验证码的存储需要用到redis，所以引入redis。最后为了一些工具类，我们引入hutool。

• pom.xml

  

<!-- springboot security -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- jwt -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.axet</groupId>
    <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hutool工具类-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
    <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
    <version>3.11</version>
</dependency>复制代码

重新启动项目

访问： http://localhost:8081

用户名：user

密码：控制台已经输出

http://localhost:8081/sys-user/list

因为每次启动密码都会改变，所以我们通过配置文件来配置一下默认的用户名和密码：

application.yml

spring:
  security:
    user:
      name: user
      password: 111111复制代码

3、设置Redis的工具类

package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.utils;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ZSetOperations;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Component
public class RedisUtil {

@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

/**
 * 指定缓存失效时间
 *
 * @param key  键
 * @param time 时间(秒)
 * @return
 */
public boolean expire(String key, long time) {

    try {

        if (time > 0) {

            redisTemplate.expire(key, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        }
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 根据key 获取过期时间
 *
 * @param key 键 不能为null
 * @return 时间(秒) 返回0代表为永久有效
 */
public long getExpire(String key) {

    return redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}

/**
 * 判断key是否存在
 *
 * @param key 键
 * @return true 存在 false不存在
 */
public boolean hasKey(String key) {

    try {

        return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 删除缓存
 *
 * @param key 可以传一个值 或多个
 */
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void del(String... key) {

    if (key != null && key.length > 0) {

        if (key.length == 1) {

            redisTemplate.delete(key[0]);
        } else {

            redisTemplate.delete(CollectionUtils.arrayToList(key));
        }
    }
}

//============================String=============================

/**
 * 普通缓存获取
 *
 * @param key 键
 * @return 值
 */
public Object get(String key) {

    return key == null ? null : redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
}

/**
 * 普通缓存放入
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param value 值
 * @return true成功 false失败
 */
public boolean set(String key, Object value) {

    try {

        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }

}

/**
 * 普通缓存放入并设置时间
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param value 值
 * @param time  时间(秒) time要大于0 如果time小于等于0 将设置无限期
 * @return true成功 false 失败
 */
public boolean set(String key, Object value, long time) {

    try {

        if (time > 0) {

            redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        } else {

            set(key, value);
        }
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 递增
 *
 * @param key 键
 * @param delta  要增加几(大于0)
 * @return
 */
public long incr(String key, long delta) {

    if (delta < 0) {

        throw new RuntimeException("递增因子必须大于0");
    }
    return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, delta);
}

/**
 * 递减
 *
 * @param key 键
 * @param delta  要减少几(小于0)
 * @return
 */
public long decr(String key, long delta) {

    if (delta < 0) {

        throw new RuntimeException("递减因子必须大于0");
    }
    return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, -delta);
}

//================================Map=================================

/**
 * HashGet
 *
 * @param key  键 不能为null
 * @param item 项 不能为null
 * @return 值
 */
public Object hget(String key, String item) {

    return redisTemplate.opsForHash().get(key, item);
}

/**
 * 获取hashKey对应的所有键值
 *
 * @param key 键
 * @return 对应的多个键值
 */
public Map<Object, Object> hmget(String key) {

    return redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(key);
}

/**
 * HashSet
 *
 * @param key 键
 * @param map 对应多个键值
 * @return true 成功 false 失败
 */
public boolean hmset(String key, Map<String, Object> map) {

    try {

        redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * HashSet 并设置时间
 *
 * @param key  键
 * @param map  对应多个键值
 * @param time 时间(秒)
 * @return true成功 false失败
 */
public boolean hmset(String key, Map<String, Object> map, long time) {

    try {

        redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);
        if (time > 0) {

            expire(key, time);
        }
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 向一张hash表中放入数据,如果不存在将创建
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param item  项
 * @param value 值
 * @return true 成功 false失败
 */
public boolean hset(String key, String item, Object value) {

    try {

        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, item, value);
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 向一张hash表中放入数据,如果不存在将创建
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param item  项
 * @param value 值
 * @param time  时间(秒)  注意:如果已存在的hash表有时间,这里将会替换原有的时间
 * @return true 成功 false失败
 */
public boolean hset(String key, String item, Object value, long time) {

    try {

        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, item, value);
        if (time > 0) {

            expire(key, time);
        }
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 删除hash表中的值
 *
 * @param key  键 不能为null
 * @param item 项 可以使多个 不能为null
 */
public void hdel(String key, Object... item) {

    redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(key, item);
}

/**
 * 判断hash表中是否有该项的值
 *
 * @param key  键 不能为null
 * @param item 项 不能为null
 * @return true 存在 false不存在
 */
public boolean hHasKey(String key, String item) {

    return redisTemplate.opsForHash().hasKey(key, item);
}

/**
 * hash递增 如果不存在,就会创建一个 并把新增后的值返回
 *
 * @param key  键
 * @param item 项
 * @param by   要增加几(大于0)
 * @return
 */
public double hincr(String key, String item, double by) {

    return redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key, item, by);
}

/**
 * hash递减
 *
 * @param key  键
 * @param item 项
 * @param by   要减少记(小于0)
 * @return
 */
public double hdecr(String key, String item, double by) {

    return redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key, item, -by);
}

//============================set=============================

/**
 * 根据key获取Set中的所有值
 *
 * @param key 键
 * @return
 */
public Set<Object> sGet(String key) {

    try {

        return redisTemplate.opsForSet().members(key);
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return null;
    }
}

/**
 * 根据value从一个set中查询,是否存在
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param value 值
 * @return true 存在 false不存在
 */
public boolean sHasKey(String key, Object value) {

    try {

        return redisTemplate.opsForSet().isMember(key, value);
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 将数据放入set缓存
 *
 * @param key    键
 * @param values 值 可以是多个
 * @return 成功个数
 */
public long sSet(String key, Object... values) {

    try {

        return redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, values);
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return 0;
    }
}

/**
 * 将set数据放入缓存
 *
 * @param key    键
 * @param time   时间(秒)
 * @param values 值 可以是多个
 * @return 成功个数
 */
public long sSetAndTime(String key, long time, Object... values) {

    try {

        Long count = redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, values);
        if (time > 0) expire(key, time);
        return count;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return 0;
    }
}

/**
 * 获取set缓存的长度
 *
 * @param key 键
 * @return
 */
public long sGetSetSize(String key) {

    try {

        return redisTemplate.opsForSet().size(key);
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return 0;
    }
}

/**
 * 移除值为value的
 *
 * @param key    键
 * @param values 值 可以是多个
 * @return 移除的个数
 */
public long setRemove(String key, Object... values) {

    try {

        Long count = redisTemplate.opsForSet().remove(key, values);
        return count;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return 0;
    }
}
//===============================list=================================

/**
 * 获取list缓存的内容
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param start 开始
 * @param end   结束  0 到 -1代表所有值
 * @return
 */
public List<Object> lGet(String key, long start, long end) {

    try {

        return redisTemplate.opsForList().range(key, start, end);
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return null;
    }
}

/**
 * 获取list缓存的长度
 *
 * @param key 键
 * @return
 */
public long lGetListSize(String key) {

    try {

        return redisTemplate.opsForList().size(key);
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return 0;
    }
}

/**
 * 通过索引 获取list中的值
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param index 索引  index>=0时， 0 表头，1 第二个元素，依次类推；index<0时，-1，表尾，-2倒数第二个元素，依次类推
 * @return
 */
public Object lGetIndex(String key, long index) {

    try {

        return redisTemplate.opsForList().index(key, index);
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return null;
    }
}

/**
 * 将list放入缓存
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param value 值
 * @return
 */
public boolean lSet(String key, Object value) {

    try {

        redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPush(key, value);
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 将list放入缓存
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param value 值
 * @param time  时间(秒)
 * @return
 */
public boolean lSet(String key, Object value, long time) {

    try {

        redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPush(key, value);
        if (time > 0) expire(key, time);
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 将list放入缓存
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param value 值
 * @return
 */
public boolean lSet(String key, List<Object> value) {

    try {

        redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, value);
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 将list放入缓存
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param value 值
 * @param time  时间(秒)
 * @return
 */
public boolean lSet(String key, List<Object> value, long time) {

    try {

        redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, value);
        if (time > 0) expire(key, time);
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 根据索引修改list中的某条数据
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param index 索引
 * @param value 值
 * @return
 */
public boolean lUpdateIndex(String key, long index, Object value) {

    try {

        redisTemplate.opsForList().set(key, index, value);
        return true;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return false;
    }
}

/**
 * 移除N个值为value
 *
 * @param key   键
 * @param count 移除多少个
 * @param value 值
 * @return 移除的个数
 */
public long lRemove(String key, long count, Object value) {

    try {

        Long remove = redisTemplate.opsForList().remove(key, count, value);
        return remove;
    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();
        return 0;
    }
}

//================有序集合 sort set===================
/**
 * 有序set添加元素
 *
 * @param key
 * @param value
 * @param score
 * @return
 */
public boolean zSet(String key, Object value, double score) {

    return redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, value, score);
}

public long batchZSet(String key, Set<ZSetOperations.TypedTuple> typles) {

    return redisTemplate.opsForZSet().add(key, typles);
}

public void zIncrementScore(String key, Object value, long delta) {

    redisTemplate.opsForZSet().incrementScore(key, value, delta);
}

public void zUnionAndStore(String key, Collection otherKeys, String destKey) {

    redisTemplate.opsForZSet().unionAndStore(key, otherKeys, destKey);
}

/**
 * 获取zset数量
 * @param key
 * @param value
 * @return
 */
public long getZsetScore(String key, Object value) {

    Double score = redisTemplate.opsForZSet().score(key, value);
    if(score==null){

        return 0;
    }else{

        return score.longValue();
    }
}

/**
 * 获取有序集 key 中成员 member 的排名 。
 * 其中有序集成员按 score 值递减 (从大到小) 排序。
 * @param key
 * @param start
 * @param end
 * @return
 */
public Set<ZSetOperations.TypedTuple> getZSetRank(String key, long start, long end) {

    return redisTemplate.opsForZSet().reverseRangeWithScores(key, start, end);
}

}
复制代码

4、设置RedisConfig

package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.config;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {

@Bean
RedisTemplate redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {


    RedisTemplate redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate();
    redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);

    Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
    jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(new ObjectMapper());

    redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
    redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);

    redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
    redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);

    return redisTemplate;
}

}
复制代码

六、用户认证

首先我们来解决用户认证问题，分为首次登陆，和二次认证。

首次登录认证：用户名、密码和验证码完成登录

二次token认证：请求头携带Jwt进行身份认证

使用用户名密码来登录的，然后我们还想添加图片验证码，那么security给我们提供的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter能使用吗？

首先security的所有过滤器都是没有图片验证码这回事的，看起来不适用了。其实这里我们可以灵活点，如果你依然想沿用自带的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter，那么我们就在这过滤器之前添加一个图片验证码过滤器。当然了我们也可以通过自定义过滤器继承UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter，然后自己把验证码验证逻辑和认证逻辑写在一起，这也是一种解决方式。

我们这次解决方式是在UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter之前自定义一个图片过滤器CaptchaFilter，提前校验验证码是否正确，这样我们就可以使用UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter了，然后登录正常或失败我们都可以通过对应的Handler来返回我们特定格式的封装结果数据。

1、生成验证码

首先我们先生成验证码，之前我们已经引用了google的验证码生成器，我们先来配置一下图片验证码的生成规则：

KaptchaConfig

package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.config;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.Properties;

@Configuration
public class KaptchaConfig {

@Bean
public DefaultKaptcha producer() {

    Properties properties = new Properties();
    properties.put("kaptcha.border", "no");
    properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "black");
    properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.space", "4");
    properties.put("kaptcha.image.height", "40");
    properties.put("kaptcha.image.width", "120");
    properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size", "30");
    Config config = new Config(properties);
    DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
    defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);
    return defaultKaptcha;
}

}
复制代码

package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.common.lang;

public class Const {

public final static String CAPTCHA_KEY = "captcha";

}
复制代码

package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.controller;

import cn.hutool.core.map.MapUtil;
import cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.common.lang.Const;
import cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.common.lang.Result;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.Producer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;

@RestController
public class AuthController extends BaseController {

@Autowired
Producer producer;

@GetMapping("/captcha")
public Result captcha() throws IOException {

    String key = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    String code = producer.createText();
    BufferedImage image = producer.createImage(code);
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",outputStream);
    BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
    String str = "data:image/jpeg;base64,";
    String base64Img = str + encoder.encode(outputStream.toByteArray());
    redisUtil.hset(Const.CAPTCHA_KEY,key,code,120);
    return Result.success(
            MapUtil.builder()
                    .put("token",key)
                    .put("captchaImg",base64Img)
                    .build()
    );
}

}
复制代码

注意在上面的BaseController 当中添加一些新内容

public class BaseController {
     

@Autowired HttpServletRequest req; @Autowired RedisUtil redisUtil;

}
复制代码

启动

先启动Redis

启动项目

2、前端实现验证码显示

启动前端项目

去除moke

3、解决跨域问题

@Configuration
public class CorsConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
     

private CorsConfiguration buildConfig() { CorsConfiguration corsConfiguration = new CorsConfiguration(); corsConfiguration.addAllowedOrigin("*"); corsConfiguration.addAllowedHeader("*"); corsConfiguration.addAllowedMethod("*"); corsConfiguration.addExposedHeader("Authorization"); return corsConfiguration; } @Bean public CorsFilter corsFilter() { UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource(); source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", buildConfig()); return new CorsFilter(source); } @Override public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) { registry.addMapping("/**") .allowedOrigins("*")

// .allowCredentials(true)
.allowedMethods("GET", "POST", "DELETE", "PUT")
.maxAge(3600);
}
}
复制代码

4、设置过滤器

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
     

private static final String[] URL_WHITELIST = { "/login", "/logout", "/captcha", "/favicon.ico", }; protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.cors().and().csrf().disable() //登录配置 .formLogin()

/* .successHandler()
.failureHandler()
*/
//禁用session
.and()
.sessionManagement()
.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
//配置拦截规则
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers(URL_WHITELIST).permitAll()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
//异常处理器
//配置自定义的过滤器
;
}
}
复制代码

重新启动项目

刷新页面

@Component
public class LoginFailureHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
     

@Override public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException { response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"); ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream(); Result result = Result.fail("用户名或密码错误"); outputStream.write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(result).getBytes("UTF-8")); outputStream.flush(); outputStream.close(); }

}
复制代码

@Component
public class LoginSuccessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {
     

@Override public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException { response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"); ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream(); //生成jwt 。 并放置到请求头中 Result result = Result.success("成功"); outputStream.write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(result).getBytes("UTF-8")); outputStream.flush(); outputStream.close(); }

}
复制代码

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
     

@Autowired private LoginFailureHandler loginFailureHandler; @Autowired private LoginSuccessHandler loginSuccessHandler; private static final String[] URL_WHITELIST = { "/login", "/logout", "/captcha", "/favicon.ico", }; protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.cors().and().csrf().disable() //登录配置 .formLogin() .successHandler(loginSuccessHandler) .failureHandler(loginFailureHandler) //禁用session .and() .sessionManagement() .sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS) //配置拦截规则 .and() .authorizeRequests() .antMatchers(URL_WHITELIST).permitAll() .anyRequest().authenticated() //异常处理器 //配置自定义的过滤器 ; }

}
复制代码

刷新页面

5、设置点击刷新二维码

<el-image style="width: 80px; height: 40px;float: left;padding-left: 25px;" 
@click="getCaptcha" :src="captchaImg" ></el-image>复制代码

设置点击后清空对应的内容

6、设置验证码过滤器

(1)设置验证码错误异常

public class CaptchaException extends AuthenticationException {
     

public CaptchaException(String msg) { super(msg); }

}
复制代码

(2)验证码过滤器

package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.security;

import cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.common.exception.CaptchaException;
import cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.common.lang.Const;
import cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.utils.RedisUtil;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@Component
public class CaptchaFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

@Autowired
private RedisUtil redisUtil;

@Autowired
private LoginFailureHandler loginFailureHandler;

@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(
        HttpServletRequest request,
        HttpServletResponse response,
        FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {


    String url = request.getRequestURI();

    if("/login".equals(url) && request.getMethod().equals("POST") ){

        try{

            //校验验证码
            validate(request);
            //如果不正确，就跳转到认证失败处理器
        }catch (CaptchaException e){

            //交给失败的处理器(认证失败处理器)
            loginFailureHandler.onAuthenticationFailure(request,response,e);
        }
    }
    filterChain.doFilter(request,response);
}
//校验逻辑
private void validate(HttpServletRequest request) {

    String code = request.getParameter("code");
    String key = request.getParameter("token");
    if(StringUtils.isBlank(code) || StringUtils.isBlank(key)){

        throw new CaptchaException("验证码错误");
    }
    if(!code.equals(redisUtil.hget(Const.CAPTCHA_KEY,key))){

        throw new CaptchaException("验证码错误");
    }
    //一次性使用
    redisUtil.hdel(Const.CAPTCHA_KEY);
}

}
复制代码

7、配置过滤器

//异常处理器
        //配置自定义的过滤器
        .and()
        .addFilterBefore(captchaFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);复制代码

七、完成登录并生成JWT

登录成功之后前端就可以获取到了jwt的信息，

前端中我们是保存在了store中，

同时也保存在了localStorage中，

然后每次axios请求之前，

我们都会添加上我们的请求头信息，可以回顾一下。

1、编写JwtUtils

package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.utils;

import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;
@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "itbluebox.jwt")
public class JwtUtils {

private long expire;
private String secret;
private String header;
//生成  JWT
public String generateToken(String username){


    Date nowDate = new Date();
    Date expireDate = new Date(nowDate.getTime() + 1000 * expire);
    return Jwts.builder()
            .setHeaderParam("typ","JWT")
            .setSubject(username)
            .setIssuedAt(nowDate)
            .setExpiration(expireDate)//7天逾期
            .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.ES512,secret)
            .compact();
}
//解析JWT
public Claims getClaimByToken(String jwt){

    try{

        return   Jwts.parser()
                .setSigningKey(secret)
                .parseClaimsJws(jwt)
                .getBody();
    }catch (Exception e){

        return null;
    }
}
//JWT 是否过期的方法
public boolean isTokenExpired(Claims claims){

    return claims.getExpiration().before(new Date());
}

}
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2、编写Jwt对应的配置文件

itbluebox:
  jwt:
    header: Authorization
    expire: 604800 #7天，秒单位
    secret: 212wdseqw23red232r3rds23r21212hg  #填够32位复制代码

八、身份认证 - 1

登录成功之后前端就可以获取到了jwt的信息，前端中我们是保存在了store中，同时也保存在了localStorage中，然后每次axios请求之前，我们都会添加上我们的请求头信息

所以后端进行用户身份识别的时候，我们需要通过请求头中获取jwt，然后解析出我们的用户名，这样我们就可以知道是谁在访问我们的接口啦，然后判断用户是否有权限等操作。

那么我们自定义一个过滤器用来进行识别jwt。

1、JwtAuthenticationFilter

public class JwtAuthenticationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {
     

@Autowired private JwtUtils jwtUtils; public JwtAuthenticationFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) { super(authenticationManager); } @Override protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { String jwt = request.getHeader(jwtUtils.getHeader()); if(StrUtil.isBlankOrUndefined(jwt)){ chain.doFilter(request,response); return; } Claims claim = jwtUtils.getClaimByToken(jwt); if(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(claim)){ throw new JwtException("token 异常"); } if(jwtUtils.isTokenExpired(claim)){ throw new JwtException("token已经过期"); } String username = claim.getSubject(); //获取用户的权限信息 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username,null,null); SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(token); chain.doFilter(request,response); }

}
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2、完善SecurityConfig

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
     

@Autowired private LoginFailureHandler loginFailureHandler; @Autowired private LoginSuccessHandler loginSuccessHandler; @Autowired CaptchaFilter captchaFilter; @Bean JwtAuthenticationFilter jwtAuthenticationFilter() throws Exception { JwtAuthenticationFilter jwtAuthenticationFilter = new JwtAuthenticationFilter(authenticationManager()); return jwtAuthenticationFilter; } private static final String[] URL_WHITELIST = { "/login", "/logout", "/captcha", "/favicon.ico", }; protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.cors().and().csrf().disable() //登录配置 .formLogin() .successHandler(loginSuccessHandler) .failureHandler(loginFailureHandler) //禁用session .and() .sessionManagement() .sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS) //配置拦截规则 .and() .authorizeRequests() .antMatchers(URL_WHITELIST).permitAll() .anyRequest().authenticated() //异常处理器 //配置自定义的过滤器 .and() .addFilter(jwtAuthenticationFilter()) .addFilterBefore(captchaFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) ; }

}
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3、发起请求测试

http://localhost:8081/sys-user/list

九、用户认证失败或权限不足异常处理

1、认证失败处理器

@Component
public class JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
     

@Override public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException { }

}
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2、异常处理器

@Component
public class JwtAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
     

@Override public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException { }

}
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3、SecurityConfig当中

@Autowired
    JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint;

@Autowired JwtAccessDeniedHandler jwtAccessDeniedHandler;

复制代码

//异常处理器
        .and()
                .exceptionHandling()
                .authenticationEntryPoint(jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint)
                .accessDeniedHandler(jwtAccessDeniedHandler)复制代码

4、完善JwtAccessDeniedHandler和JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint

(1)JwtAccessDeniedHandler

@Component
public class JwtAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
     

@Override public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException { response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"); response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN); ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream(); Result result = Result.fail(accessDeniedException.getMessage()); outputStream.write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(result).getBytes("UTF-8")); outputStream.flush(); outputStream.close(); }

}
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(2)JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint

@Component
public class JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
     

@Override public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException { response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"); response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED); ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream(); Result result = Result.fail("请先登录"); outputStream.write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(result).getBytes("UTF-8")); outputStream.flush(); outputStream.close(); }

}
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5、内容测试

向接口发送请求： http://localhost:8081/sys-user/list

6、用户登录查库

UserDetailServiceImpl

SysUser sysUser =  sysUserService.getByUserName(username);复制代码

public interface SysUserService extends IService<SysUser> {
     

SysUser getByUserName(String username);

}
复制代码

@Service
public class SysUserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<SysUserMapper, SysUser> implements SysUserService {
     

@Override public SysUser getByUserName(String username) { return getOne(new QueryWrapper<SysUser>().eq("username",username)); }

}
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package cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.security;
import cn.hutool.core.lang.Assert;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import java.util.Collection;

public class AccountUser implements UserDetails {

private Long userId;
private String password;
private final String username;
private final Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities;
private final boolean accountNonExpired;
private final boolean accountNonLocked;
private final boolean credentialsNonExpired;
private final boolean enabled;
public AccountUser(Long userId, String username, String password, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {

    this(userId, username, password, true, true, true, true, authorities);
}

public AccountUser(Long userId, String username, String password, boolean enabled, boolean accountNonExpired,
                   boolean credentialsNonExpired, boolean accountNonLocked,
                   Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {

    Assert.isTrue(username != null && !"".equals(username) && password != null,
            "Cannot pass null or empty values to constructor");
    this.userId = userId;
    this.username = username;
    this.password = password;
    this.enabled = enabled;
    this.accountNonExpired = accountNonExpired;
    this.credentialsNonExpired = credentialsNonExpired;
    this.accountNonLocked = accountNonLocked;
    this.authorities = authorities;
}
@Override
public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {

    return this.authorities;
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {

    return this.password;
}
@Override
public String getUsername() {

    return this.username;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {

    return this.accountNonExpired;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {

    return this.accountNonLocked;
}
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {

    return this.credentialsNonExpired;
}
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {

    return this.enabled;
}

}
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完善SecurityConfig

@Bean
    BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder(){
     

return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(); }

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完善UserDetailServiceImpl

@Service
public class UserDetailServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
     

@Autowired private SysUserService sysUserService; @Override public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException { SysUser sysUser = sysUserService.getByUserName(username); if(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(sysUser)){ throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名或密码不正确"); } return new AccountUser(sysUser.getId(),sysUser.getUsername(),sysUser.getPassword(),getUserAuthority(sysUser.getId())); } /* * 获取用户权限信息(角色，菜单权限) * */ public List<GrantedAuthority> getUserAuthority(Long userId){ return null; }

}
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完善SecurityConfig

@Autowired
    UserDetailServiceImpl userDetailService;复制代码

@Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception{
     

auth.userDetailsService(userDetailService); }

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@RestController
@RequestMapping("/sys-user")
public class SysUserController extends BaseController {
     

@Autowired private SysUserService sysUserService; @Autowired private BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder; @GetMapping("list") public Result getUserList(){ List<SysUser> list = sysUserService.list(new QueryWrapper<>(null)); return Result.success(list); } @GetMapping("list/pass") public Result pass(){ //加密后的密码 String password = bCryptPasswordEncoder.encode("111111"); boolean matches = bCryptPasswordEncoder.matches("111111", password); System.out.println("匹配结果："+matches); return Result.success(password); }

}
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编写一个测试方法生成一下密码

@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootAdminvueApplicationTests {
     

@Autowired private BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder; @Test void contextLoads() { String password = bCryptPasswordEncoder.encode("111111"); boolean matches = bCryptPasswordEncoder.matches("111111", password); System.out.println("匹配结果："+matches); System.out.println(password); }

}
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在数据库当中添加对应的账号和密码

将配置文件当中SpringSecurity的内容注释掉

server:
  port: 8081
# DataSource Config
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/itzheng-vue-admin?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
    username: root
    password: root
#  security:
#    user:
#      name: user
#      password: 111111
mybatis-plus:
  mapper-locations: classpath*:/mapper/**Mapper.xml
itbluebox:
  jwt:
    header: Authorization
    expire: 604800 #7天，秒单位
    secret: 212wdseqw23red232r3rds23r21212hg  #填够32位复制代码

发送登录请求

7、用户授权

然后关于权限部分，也是security的重要功能，当用户认证成功之后，我们就知道谁在访问系统接口，这是又有一个问题，就是这个用户有没有权限来访问我们这个接口呢，要解决这个问题,我们需要知道用户有哪些权限，哪些角色，这样security才能我们做权限判断。

之前我们已经定义及几张表，用户、角色、菜单、以及一些关联表，一般当权限粒度比较细的时候，我们都通过判断用户有没有此菜单或操作的权限，而不是通过角色判断，而用户和菜单是不直接做关联的，是通过用户拥有哪些角色，然后角色拥有哪些菜单权限这样来获得的。

问题1:我们是在哪里赋予用户权限的?有两个地方:

• 1、用户登录，调用调用UserDetailsService.loadUserByUsername()方法时候可以返回用户的权限信息。
• 2、接口调用进行身份认证过滤器时候JWTAuthenticationFilter，需要返回用户权限信息

问题2:在哪里决定什么接口需要什么权限?

Security内置的权限注解:

• @PreAuthorize:方法执行前进行权限检查
• @PostAuthorize:方法执行后进行权限检查
• @Secured:类似于@PreAuthorize
  可以在Controller的方法前添加这些注解表示接口需要什么权限。

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/sys-user")
public class SysUserController extends BaseController {
     

@Autowired private SysUserService sysUserService; @Autowired private BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder; //合作权限拥有admin的才能访问 @PreAuthorize("hasRole('admin')") @GetMapping("list") public Result getUserList(){ List<SysUser> list = sysUserService.list(new QueryWrapper<>(null)); return Result.success(list); } //普通用户、超级管理员 //当前方法只有拥有sys:user:list的权限的管理员才能访问方法 @PreAuthorize("hasAnyAuthority('sys:user:list')") @GetMapping("list/pass") public Result pass(){ //加密后的密码 String password = bCryptPasswordEncoder.encode("111111"); boolean matches = bCryptPasswordEncoder.matches("111111", password); System.out.println("匹配结果："+matches); return Result.success(password); }

}
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8、完善权限方法

/*
    * 获取用户权限信息(角色，菜单权限)
    * */
    public List<GrantedAuthority> getUserAuthority(Long userId){
     

//角色(ROLE_admin)、菜单操作权限、sys:user:list String authority = sysUserService.getUserAuthorityInfo(userId); //ROLE_admin,ROLE_normal,sys:user:list,.... return AuthorityUtils.commaSeparatedStringToAuthorityList(authority); }

复制代码

String getUserAuthorityInfo(Long userId);复制代码

在SysUserServiceImpl当中

@Service
public class SysUserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<SysUserMapper, SysUser> implements SysUserService {
     

@Autowired private SysRoleService sysUserService; @Autowired private SysUserMapper sysUserMapper; @Override public SysUser getByUserName(String username) { return getOne(new QueryWrapper<SysUser>().eq("username",username)); } @Override public String getUserAuthorityInfo(Long userId) { //通过用户id获取对应的角色信息 String authority = null; //获取角色 //通过用户id，查出对应的用户角色id，通过角色id查询，对应用户的角色信息 List<SysRole> roles = sysUserService.list(new QueryWrapper<SysRole>().inSql("id", "select role_id from sys_user_role where user_id = " + userId)); if(roles.size() > 0){ String roleCode = roles.stream().map(r -> "ROLE_"+r.getCode()).collect(Collectors.joining(",")); authority = roleCode; } //获取菜单操作权限 List<Long> menuIds = sysUserMapper.getNavMenuIds(userId); return null; }

}
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.itbluebox.springbootadminvue.mapper.SysUserMapper">

<select id="getNavMenuIds" resultType="java.lang.Long"> select DISTINCT rm.menu_id from sys_user_role ur left join sys_role_menu rm on ur.role_id = rm.role_id where ur.user_id = #{userId} </select>

</mapper>
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完善SysUserServiceImpl

/**
 * <p>
 *  服务实现类
 * </p>
 * @author itbluebox
 * @since 2022-05-26
 */
@Service
public class SysUserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<SysUserMapper, SysUser> implements SysUserService {
     

@Autowired private SysRoleService sysUserService; @Autowired private SysUserMapper sysUserMapper; @Autowired private SysMenuService sysMenuService; @Override public SysUser getByUserName(String username) { return getOne(new QueryWrapper<SysUser>().eq("username",username)); } @Override public String getUserAuthorityInfo(Long userId) { //通过用户id获取对应的角色信息 String authority = null; //获取角色编码 //通过用户id，查出对应的用户角色id，通过角色id查询，对应用户的角色信息 List<SysRole> roles = sysUserService.list(new QueryWrapper<SysRole>().inSql("id", "select role_id from sys_user_role where user_id = " + userId)); if(roles.size() > 0){ String roleCode = roles.stream().map(r -> "ROLE_"+r.getCode()).collect(Collectors.joining(",")); authority = roleCode.concat(","); } //获取菜单操作权限 List<Long> menuIds = sysUserMapper.getNavMenuIds(userId); if(menuIds.size() > 0){ List<SysMenu> sysMenus = sysMenuService.listByIds(menuIds); String menuPerms = sysMenus.stream().map(m -> m.getPerms()).collect(Collectors.joining(",")); authority = authority.concat(menuPerms); } return authority; }

}
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完善JwtAuthenticationFilter

public class JwtAuthenticationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {
     

@Autowired private JwtUtils jwtUtils; @Autowired private UserDetailServiceImpl userDetailService; @Autowired private SysUserService sysUserService; public JwtAuthenticationFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) { super(authenticationManager); } @Override protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { String jwt = request.getHeader(jwtUtils.getHeader()); if(StrUtil.isBlankOrUndefined(jwt)){ chain.doFilter(request,response); return; } Claims claim = jwtUtils.getClaimByToken(jwt); if(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(claim)){ throw new JwtException("token 异常"); } if(jwtUtils.isTokenExpired(claim)){ throw new JwtException("token已经过期"); } String username = claim.getSubject(); SysUser sysUser = sysUserService.getByUserName(username); //获取用户的权限信息 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username,null,userDetailService.getUserAuthority(sysUser.getId())); SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(token); chain.doFilter(request,response); }

}
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9、测试运行

http://localhost:8081/captcha

发起获取验证码请求

发起登录请求

http://localhost:8081/login

复制token

粘贴到回去信息的header当中

发起获取信息请求： http://localhost:8081/sys-user/list

来源：https://juejin.cn/post/7118206768634675207